Competitive performances between performers of different schools gathered on the same stage. Tachiai take on many forms, and the troops can compete to either different plays or perform the same one simultaneously. When Noh first began to flourish as a new art form, the tachiai competition was serious, a place where that could determine the fate of troupes (za, performance groups) trying to establish a name for themselves. In his great treatise on the art of Noh, Fūshi Kaden, Ze’ami, the forefather of Noh, shared with coming generations the mentality required to win a tachiai.